甜瓜种子萌发期芽苗性状的变异性及主成分和聚类分析

Variability Principal Component and Cluster Analysis on Bud Seedling Characteristics of Melon Varieties

以国内收集到的15份主栽品种为试材,统计了种子萌发期10个芽苗性状的变异性,并对其进行了主成分和聚类分析,以期为不同甜瓜产区优良品种的早期筛选及进一步遗传改良提供参考依据。结果表明:芽长、主胚根长、种子根数、总鲜质量、根芽干质量、总干质量、干物质含量、根系活力等8个性状的变异系数较大,为18.53%~35.98%;利用主成分分析将10个性状指标可转化为3个主成分,其累积贡献率达81.45%,通过主成分综合分值排序结果显示,Var 2、Var 5、Var 7、Var 6、Var 3等品种占据前5位。以主成分中主要因子为指标进行聚类分析,可将15份甜瓜品种分为4类,各类间芽苗性状有较大差异。因此,从种子萌发期芽苗性状的角度考虑,8个变异较大的芽苗性状指标是今后品种改良的重点,排在5位的品种在实际生产中可优选。

In order to offer references for early selection of fine melon varieties in different producing areas and further genetic improvement.Using 15 mainly cultivated melon cultivars in China,the variation,principal component of 10 bud seedling characteristics and cluster analyses were conducted.The results showed that wide variation existed among the variability of bud length,main radicle length,aeminal root number,total fresh weight,total dry weight,radicle and bud dry weight,dry matter content,root activity,the variation coefficient of them was between 18.53%and 35.98%;and that 10 bud seedling were classified into 3components with their cumulative contribution of 81.45% by principal component analysis,and the synthesis score of Var 2,Var 5,Var 7,Var 6,Var 3was the first five leading in 15 cultivars.Based on the results of principal component analysis,the 15 melon cultivars were divided into 4groups with clustering analysis,among which there were obvious differences in the traits.Therefore,according to the above bud seedling traits in germination stage,the 8indexes of wider variation would be screen in the process of breeding in the future,and the first five leading cultivars could be preferred to select in practical production.