《白鹿原》的中国土地革命书写——陈忠实思想矛盾的症候式分析

White Deer Plain and the Land Revolution in China——An Analysis of the Symptoms of Chen Zhongshi's Ideological Contradiction

《白鹿原》在对待土地革命的态度方面显示出价值立场的含混,这种含混是作者陈忠实思想矛盾的反映。作品不突出描写大地主和地租剥削,只写"财东"的雇工,这符合"关中模式"的历史事实;但它对高利贷剥削的付之阙如却耐人寻味。它对地主发家史、地主与农民关系的描述意在解构"典范土地革命叙事"对地主形象的恶霸化、流氓无赖化处理,但客观上也写出了权势对于地主家庭地位和财富的重要性,并承认"恶绅村盖子"的存在。我们肯定《白鹿原》的真实性,却不宜将白鹿原当作土改前中国农村社会的标本、将白嘉轩式地主视为中国所有地主的典型代表。《白鹿原》具备了一定的复调性,但还算不上真正意义上的复调小说。

White Deer Plain shows ambiguity in the value position about the land revolution. The ambiguity is a reflection of the doublethink of Chen Zhongshi .This work doesn＇t give prominent description of the big landlords and the exploitation of land rent, but the landlords exploited employees, which is consistent with the Guanzhong pattern of historical facts. But the lack of exploitation of usury afford much food for reflection.It describes the relationship between landlords and peasants,and the landlords family enriching history to deconstruct the processing to make the landlords bully and rogue image by model of land revolution narration,but objectively writes the importance of power for landlords ＂family statues and wealth ,and recognize the existence of village bully.White Deer Plain has the certain bitonality, but it is not a polyphonic novel in the true sense .