老年医院获得性肺炎病原菌感染特点及耐药性分析

Characteristics and drug resistance of pathogens in elderly patients with hospital acquired pneumonia pathogenic bacteria infection characteristics and drug resistance of hospital-acquired respiratory tract pneumonia in elderly patients

目的探究老年医院获得性肺炎病原菌感染特点及细菌耐药性分析,为临床早期经验性治疗提供参考选药依据。方法选择2014年3月-2015年9月医院获得性肺炎感染的患者120例,采集患者呼吸道分泌物,利用常规实验室法对其进行细菌的培养和分离,并对其进行相关药敏试验。结果 120例老年医院获得性肺炎患者共分离出198株病原菌,以革兰阴性菌为主,共142株占71.7%;铜绿假单胞菌、鲍氏不动杆菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、大肠埃希菌对氨苄西林耐药率较高,均>85.0%;金黄色葡萄球菌、粪肠球菌对青霉素G耐药率较高,均>93.0%。结论患者发病的早期给予自身敏感性高的抗菌药物,同时在用药时要关注本地区HAP常见病原菌的具体情况,提高老年HAP的临床治愈率。

OBJECTIVE To investigate the pathogenic bacteria infection characteristics of hospital-acquired respira- tory tract pneumonia in elderly patients and their drug resistance, so as to provide references for clinician early em- pirical therapy. METHODS From Mar. 2014 to Sep. 2015, 120 patients with hospital-acquired respiratory tract pneumonia infection were selected. The respiratory secretions were collected, the bacteria were cultured and sepa- rated by routine laboratory method, and the drug sensitivity test was carried out. RESULTS A total of 198 patho- genic bacteria were isolated from 120 patients with hospital-acquired pneumonia, which were mainly 142 strains of gram-negative bacteria, accounting for 71.7%. P seudomonas aeruginosa , Acinetobacter baumannii , K lebsiella pneumoniae, and Escherichia coli had high resistant rates to ampicillin, which were all higher than 85.0%, and Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus faecalis had high resistant rates to penicillin G, which were all higher than 93.0%. CONCLUSION In the early stage of the disease, patients should be given their own high sensitivity antimicrobial drugs, while at the same time they should pay attention to the use of local HAP common pathogens of specific circumstances, so as to improve the clinical cure rate of elderly HAP.