对外直接投资、技术选择与企业生产效率

OFDI,Technology Selection and Enterprise Production Efficiency

利用2005-2007年间企业层面的面板数据,对梯度生产率结构的OFDI企业生产效率分布特征进行了统计分析和实证检验。研究表明,中国OFDI企业生产效率的总体水平要高于非OFDI企业。从全样本看,中国OFDI企业生产效率会随着生产率区段递增而呈现先增后降的倒"U"型变化趋势,技术选择适应性差异是造成这一现象的主要原因。相较于资本密集型行业,劳动和技术密集型行业内低生产率和高生产率区段OFDI企业技术选择错配更为严重,生产效率与生产率的倒"U"型关系较为明显。

This paper makes use of the penal data at enterprise level covering from 2005 to 2007to conduct a statistical analysis and empirical test of the production efficiency distribution characteris- tics of OFDI firms with gradient productivity structure. The results indicate that the overall production efficiency of China＇s OFDI firms is higher than that of the non-OFDI firms. Viewing from all the samples, the production efficiency of China＇s OFDI enterprises presents an inverted U-shape changing trend of first rise then fall along with the sectional progressive increase of productivity, and the adap- tive difference in technology selection is the main cause of the phenomenon. Compared to capital-in- tensive industries, the lower productivity in the labor-intensive and technology-intensive industries and the technological choice mismatch of the OFDI enterprises at the high-productivity sections are more serious, and the inverted U-shape relationship between productivity and production efficiency is more obvious.