抵押风险对农地抵押贷款需求的影响——基于原始承包户和经营户的比较

The Effect of Mortgage Risk on the Demand of Farmland Mortgage:Comparing Original Contract Households and Operating Households

在农村土地三权分置的制度背景下,根据抵押农地的经营权类型,农地抵押贷款借款人可以划分为原始承包户和经营户。笔者利用江苏省试点区910户农户的调研数据实证检验了原始承包户和经营户对农地抵押贷款需求的差异,研究结果表明:经营户的农地抵押贷款需求明显高于没有农地流入的原始承包户;由于经营户和原始承包户在经营权类型、农地规模、风险偏好等方面存在显著差异,原始承包户面临的抵押风险更高;不论是原始承包户还是经营户,抵押风险都是影响其参与农地抵押贷款的主要因素。根据不同类型农户的资金需求特点,笔者认为农地抵押贷款更适合从事规模化农业生产的经营户,对于小规模的原始承包户应着力推广小额信用贷款、小额保证保险贷款等产品。

In the three rights of rural land split system, according to the type of ownership, farmland mortgage borrowers can be divided into original contract households and operating households. Using the survey data of 910 farmers in pilot area in Jiangsu province, this paper examines the impact of farmland collateral risk for different types of borrowers. The results show that the demand for farmland mortgage loan of the operating households is obviously higher than that of the original contract households without farmland inflow. Because their ownership, the farmland scale and risk preference are obvious different from operating households, the original contract households face up with higher mortgage risk. Whether original contract households or opera- ting households, mortgage risk is the main factor affecting their participation in rural land mortgage loans. According to the characteristics of the different types of farmers, this paper argues that farmland mort- gage loan is more suitable for large-scale operating households and financial institutions should promote micro- finance, small credit insurance loans and other products to small-scale original contractors.