论证人庭前陈述的证据能力

Evidence capacity on the witness's pretrial statement

证人出庭率低是我国刑事司法实践的一大难题,证人庭前陈述缺乏证据能力规则的约束,导致法官普遍以证人庭前陈述定案,这给司法实践带来了一系列弊端。为此,有必要建立完善的证人庭前陈述的证据能力规则。国外在证人庭前陈述证据能力规则的设置上,存在传闻证据模式与直接言词模式。我国宜选择传闻证据模式,但同时应当借鉴直接言词模式的成功经验。以此为指导,应该分证人出庭与不出庭两种情况,分别对证人庭前陈述的证据能力规则进行具体建构。

Low appearance rate of witness at court is a major problem in the judicial practice in China.Because the witness’s pretrial statement is made without the constraint of evidence capacity,judges generally reach a verdict on the basis of pretrial statement.This has been considered deficient.It is time that we established the evidence capacity on the witness’s pretrial statement.Abroad,there are hearsay evidence mode and direct verbal mode in evidence capacity rules.We should choose the hearsay evidence mode and at the same time borrow the valuable experience of direct verbal mode.This paper gives suggestions on the rule formulation of witness’s pretrial statement.