极低出生体重儿85例临床分析

A clinical analysis of 85 very-low-birth-weight infants cases

目的分析极低出生体重儿(VLBWI)的并发症及转归。方法对收住我院NICU的85例VLBWI的临床资料进行回顾分析,并按出生体重分3组,比较并发症的发生率和转归。结果 85例VLBWI患儿中,男47例,女38例,出生体重(1332.2±343)g。⑴院内主要的并发症及合并症有新生儿呼吸窘迫综合症(43.5%,37/85)、呼吸暂停(47.0%,40/85)、新生儿坏死性小肠结肠炎(2.3%,2/85)、脑室内出血(17.6%,15/85)、支气管肺发育不良(20.0%,17/85)、新生儿感染(16.4%,14/85)、动脉导管未闭(20.0%,17/85)。体重越低,并发症的发生率越高。⑵转归治愈出院56例(65.9%),包括3例(3.5%)带氧出院,放弃治疗27例(23.5%),死亡3例(3.5%),转上级医院2例(2.3%)。结论极低出生体重儿的转归与出生体重和胎龄密切相关,积极处理并发症及防治院内感染有助于提高存活率,改善预后。

Objective To analyze the complications and prognosis of very-low-birth-weight infants（VLBWI） . Methods The clinical data of 85 cases of VLBWI in our hospital were retrospectively analyzed and divided into 3 groups according to the birth weight, the incidence of complications and the outcome of the groups were compared. Results Among the 85 children with VLBWI, 48 were male, 37 were female, and the birth weight was （1332.2± 343） g. （1）Complications of them included neonatal respiratory distress syndrome （NRDS, 43.5% 37/85） , apnea （47.0%, 40/85）, neerotizing enterocolitis （NEC, 2.3%, 2/85）, intraventricular hemorrhage （IVH, 17.6%, 15/85）, bronchopulmonarydysplasia （BPD, 20.0%, 17/85）, sepsis （16.4%, 14/85）, patent ductus arteriosus （PDA, 20.0%, 17/85） .The lower the body weight, the higher the incidence of complications. （2）Outcome： 56 patients （65.9%） were cured and discharged, including 3 patients （3.5%） with oxygen. 27 cases giving up treatment （23.5%）, including death of 3 cases （3.5%）, hospital. Conclusion The outcome of VLBWI is closely related 2 cases （2.3%） were transferred to the superior to birth weight and gestational age. The treatment of complications and prevention of nosocomial infection can improve the survival rate and improve the prognosis.