松土对坡耕地产流产沙的影响研究

Scarification influence on runoff and sediment yield in the hilly land research

[目的]为了研究不同坡度、松土位置及松土深度组合处理对坡耕地产流和产沙的影响。[方法]本试验采用人工降雨方法,在吕梁市方山县沙沟观测站的径流小区内进行。[结果]结果表明坡耕地的产流量、产沙量与坡度、松土位置显著相关,产流量与松土深度显著相关,产沙量与松土深度关系不明显。在各坡度上,产流量随坡度的增加而增加,产流量与各松土位置的关系为松土中部<上部<下部,产流量随松土深度的增加而减少;产沙量随坡度的增加而增加,产沙量与各松土位置的关系为松土中部<上部<下部。各坡度上,中部松土比上部及下部松土分别减少产流13.1%~16.1%、31.6%~37.8%,减少产沙3.3%~8.1%、40.5%~53.1%。[结论]综合考虑蓄水拦沙效益及坡耕地的耕种要求,坡地开荒应选择在坡面的中上部,且松土深度以20cm为宜。

[Objective]In order to study the different slope digging location and digging depth combination treatment effect on slope runoff and sediment yield.[Method]This experiment adopts the method of artificial rainfall,Fangshan prefecture in Luliang city sand ditch station runoff plots.[Results]The results showed that the yield of farmland flow,sediment yield was associated with a significant slope,digging location,production flow was associated with a significant digging depth and sediment yield relationship with digging depth is not obvious.On the slope,production flow increases with the increase of the slope,Production flow and the relationship between the digging position for cultivating middleupperthe lower,Production flow with the increase of the digging depth reduction;Sediment yield increases with the increase of the slope,based on the relationship between sediment yield and the digging position scarification centralupperthe lower.On the slope,the central than the upper and lower digging dirt reduce runoff yield 13.1%-16.1% and 16.1%-31.6%,reduce sediment yield by 3.3%-3.3% and 40.5%-53.1%.[Conclusion]Considering benefits to block sand and water and farmland farming requirements,sloping land clearing should choose the upper in the slope surface,and digging depth with 20 cm advisable.