《黄帝内经》文学性修辞手法探析

Discussion on the Literary Rhetoric in Yellow Emperor's Inner Canon

现存最早的医学理论著作《黄帝内经》医文兼得,颇具文学意味,究其原因,主要在于其在阐述医理时使用了多种文学性修辞手法。比喻、比拟、摹状等修辞手法的使用,将抽象的医理转化成有声有色、有动作、有画面的具体形象,颇有诗意之美,是文学性创作思维在《黄帝内经》中的切实体现。铺排的使用,使文中有关疾病症状、疗病方法、养生之道的描述具有气贯长虹的态势,酝酿了情绪,渲染了气氛,产生了类似文学传播与接受的效应。对偶的高频使用,使医理阐述富有诗性的节奏与韵律。

As the earliest existing medical theory works, Yellow Emperor＇s Inner Canon has both literary and medical features because it adopts a variety of literary rhetoric when it describes the medical theory. Metaphor, comparison, description and other use of rhetoric make the abstract medical theory into a specific image with sound, color, and movements, full of poetic beauty, and is the real embodiment of literary creative thinking in Yellow Emperor＇s Inner Canon. The use of parallelism makes the description of dis- ease symptoms, treatment methods, and health preserving imbued-with a spirit as lofty as the rainbow spanning the sky, which brews the emotions, renders the atmosphere, and creates a similar literature spread and acceptance effect. The frequent use of duality also makes the medical elaboration to have poetic rhythm.