沉积物中重金属迁移转化的影响机制研究

A Study on Mechanism to Influence the Migration and Transformation of Heavy Metals in Sediment

作为自然界中重金属的汇与源,沉积物对重金属的迁移转化有重要的影响。分析了沉积物的各种理化和生物性质对重金属迁移转化的影响机制,包括酸挥发性硫化物、有机质、质地（粘土、泥沙）、地理地势、生物有机体的行为活动以及其他相关的特性。另外,对重金属生物有效性的多种评价方法也进行了说明和讨论。并对一些在沉积物重金属污染的修复方面具有应用潜力的新型修复材料,如多聚硫化物、纳米材料等进行前景展望。

As the main sink and source of heavy metals, sediment plays a significant role in the migration and transformation of heavy metals. Mechanism of sediment physico-chemical and biological properties to influence the transformation of heavy metals was comprehensively analysed including effects of acid volatile sulphide （AVS）, organic matter, texture （clay, silt and sand）, hydrological condition, organism behaviours, and etc. on the bioavailability of metals in sediment. Additionally, various methods for assessing the bioavailability of heavy metals were also discussed. Furthermore, some novel materials such as poly-sulphides, nano-materials, and etc. could be employed as promising adsorbents for the remediation of contaminated sediment.