佛坪国家级自然保护区秦岭箭竹营养成分分析

On Nutrients of Fargesia Qinlingensis in Foping National Nature Reserve

秦岭箭竹(Fargesia qinlingensis)是秦岭山系大熊猫夏季的主要食物资源。作者以采自秦岭山系佛坪国家级自然保护区内不同生长季节、不同龄级叶、枝以及茎上、中、下段的秦岭箭竹进行微量元素和部分营养成分(粗蛋白、粗脂肪)测定,并用原子吸收分光光度法对Cu、Zn、Fe、Mn、Ca、Mg、K等七种元素的含量进行了检测分析,以探讨大熊猫的食性与食物营养成分之间的关系。结果显示,秦岭箭竹竹叶中Fe、Mn、Ca、Mg、K含量最丰富,Cu、Zn在枝中含量最高;叶中粗蛋白、粗脂肪含量显著高于其他部位,依次为竹叶>竹枝>竹茎,叶是营养最丰富的部分。同一部位在不同季节、不同龄级间微量元素及营养成分含量均有不同程度的差异。大熊猫的觅食对策与竹子中营养成分的差异有着紧密的联系。

Fargesia qinlingensis distributed in Qinling Mountains is the main food resource for giant pandas （Ailu- ropoda melanoleuca） in summer. This paper explores the relationship between panda＇ s food habits and food nutri- ents by testing the microelements and partial nutrients （crude protein and fat） of Fargesia qinlingensis in Foping Nature Reserve collected in different seasons and ages including its leaves, branches and the upper, middle, lower part of its stem. A detection and analysis is conducted on the seven microelements （Zn,Cu,Fe,Mn,Ca,Mg,K） by atomic absorption spectrophometric method. The results indicate that Fargesia qinlingensis leaves contain a rich per- centage of Fe, Mn, Ca, Mg, K while its branches contain a high percentage of Cu, Zn. The crude protein and fat con- tent in its leaves is significantly higher than that of other parts,which goes in the sequence of leave 〉 branch 〉 stem. Therefore, the leaves contain the richest nutrients. In addition, the same part of the plant grown in different seasons and ages reveal a varying degree of microelements and nutrients content. It is safe to say that feeding strategy of gi- ant panda is closely related to the nutrition quality in the bamboo.