岱崮地貌的基本特征、成因和演化

The basic characteristics, genesis and evolution of Daigu landform

岱崮地貌是一种寒武系碎屑岩之上的平顶灰岩地貌，为中国五大地貌之一，对其研究具有地质学、古地理环境等科学意义。本文通过野外地质调查及室内研究，分析研究了岱崮地貌的特征、成因和演化，得出以下结论：1）岱崮镇的崮主体呈NW向展布，由崮体和崮基组成。崮体包括崮顶、崮腰和崮底，崮顶为灰岩，崮腰和崮底以碎屑岩为主，崮基为前寒武系岩浆岩或太古宇泰山群；2）近水平岩层是岱崮地貌发育的基础；3）NNW向、NW向和近EW向断层是岱崮地貌形成的根本因素，Nw向和NE向节理是主控因素，控制了岱崮地貌的走向、密度；4）岱崮地貌古生代以来经历了多个时期的演化，经过加里东运动、海西运动和印支运动留存的寒武系一中奥陶统、上石炭统一二叠系是岱崮地貌形成的基础，燕山期中侏罗世末．晚侏罗世（162—149．8Ma）、白垩纪（140—90Ma）及喜马拉雅早期（65—43Ma）产生的断层及节理是岱崮地貌产生的先决条件，43Ma以来的抬升、剥蚀和岩溶作用是现今岱崮地貌成型的关键时期。

Daigu landform is one of the top five geomorphologic features in China. It＇s a flattened limestone mountain surrounded by cliff with steep to gentle elastic rocks above the pre- Cambrian. The study of Daigu landform has the scientific meaning of geology and palaeogeographical environment. Through field geological survey and indoor research, the characteristics, genesis and evolution of Daigu landform in Daigu Town, Menyin County of Shandong Province are discussed, and the following conclusions are drawn： 1） The Daigu landform in Daigu area is mainly in NW trend, which is composed of body and basement. Daigu body includes the limestone top, and elastic rock side and the foot. 2） Near horizontal layer is the basis of Daigu landform. 3） NNW, NW and near-EW faults are the fundamental factors for the formation of Daigu landforms, and NW and NE joints are the main factors controlling the trend and density of Daigu landform. 4） Daigu landform have undergone many periods of evolution since the Paleozoic. After the Caledonian movement, the Hercynian movement and the Indosinian movement, the remained Cambrian-Middle Ordovieian, Upper Carboniferous to Permian is the base of Daigu landform. The faults and joints formed during the Late Jurassic to Late Jurassic （162- 149 Ma）, Cretaceous （140 - 90 Ma） and Early Himalayan （65-43 Ma） are prerequisites, while the uplift, denudation and karstification since 43 Ma are the key period for the formation of Daigu landform.