货运轨道车辆车体强度有限元分析及结构设计

Finite Elements Analysis and Structural Design of Freight Rail Vehicle Body

在分析货运轨道车辆车体结构的基础上,采用有限元分析软件建立了该车体板单元结构模型,在5种载荷工况下对车体强度进行校核,结果证明该车体静强度满足相关标准的要求;然后对枕梁上补强板的厚度进行研究,发现车体最大应力会随着补强板厚度的增加而降低到一定范围内;最终通过优化枕梁上补强板的厚度和侧墙车门结构,使得整车车体质量减少约4%,最大应力值减少约27%,并将车体最大应力点位置控制在侧墙车门下端弧形补强板上。

Based on analyzsis of freight rail vehicle body structure, a plate element freight rail vehicle body structure model is created by using finite element analysis software. The results show that the static strength of the vehicle body meets the related standard requirements. Then, by increasing the thickness of the reinforcing plate of body bolsters, the highest stress of the body structure can be decreased to a range and by optimizing the its reinforcing plate thickness and side wall door structure, the freight rail vehicle body weight and the highest stress value can be decreased by about four percent and by about twenty-seven percent, and this stress point position is controlled on the lower end arc reinforcing plate of the side wall door.