可降解材料在骨科临床中的应用

Biodegradable Materials Application in the Clinical Orthopaedics

骨科使用的不可吸收材料基本满足临床应用需求,但随着骨科技术的不断发展,临床上对于骨科材料的性能有了更高的要求。可降解材料具有优秀的力学性能和生物学性能,已逐渐成为骨科材料研究的热点。目前,骨科应用可降解材料种类繁多,主要包括四大类:可降解医用金属材料、可降解高分子材料、无机材料和复合材料。可降解医用金属材料是理想的内固定材料,可降解高分子材料和无机材料多用于缝线、填充和支架材料,而复合材料具备其他三种材料不同的优点,是未来研究的重点。通过广泛查阅国内外近几年有关可降解材料的研究报告,从上述四大分类综述了可降解材料的研究进展及待解决问题,并且对可降解材料的发展做出了展望。

Non-biodegradable materials can basically meet the demand of clinical orthopaedics application. But, with the development of orthopedics technology, there is a higher demand for orthopedics material performance in the clinical. Biode- gradable materials gradually become one of research focuses in the clinical orthopaedics, because of their excellent mechani- cal properties and biological properties. Recently, there are a wide variety of degradable orthopedics materials, which can be mainly divided into four categories ： degradable medical metal materials, degradable polymer materials, inorganic materi- als and composite materials. Biodegradable medical metal material is an ideal internal fixation material. Biodegradable poly- mer materials and inorganic materials are used for stitching, filling and scaffold materials. Composite material has the advan- tages of other three materials, which is the focus of future research. By consulting a large number of overseas and domestic research reports in reeent years, new progress and problems demanding prompt solution in biodegradable materials are sum- marized, through the above four categories. In addition, the trends of their development are discussed.