环境污染物导致氧化应激的关键信号通路及其检测方法

Main Signaling Pathways and Detection Methods of Oxidative Stress Caused by Environmental Pollutants

环境污染物能够以多种途径进入生物体内,在体内产生含氧自由基等活性氧物质,并通过多种信号通路及酶反应引起氧化应激,造成生物体内的脂质过氧化、蛋白质损伤、DNA表达改变、酶失活等,从而引发心血管疾病、风湿类疾病、感染及癌症等的发生。本文对环境污染物致氧化应激产生的原因、涉及的信号通路及酶反应、造成的危害,以及常见的基于细胞模型的氧化应激检测方法进行了综述,期望为评价环境污染物和检测氧化损伤提供参考。

Environmental pollutants can be uptaken by living organism through different ways, and produce some reactive oxygen species like oxygen free radicals in vivo, which arouse oxidative stress by a variety of signaling pathways and enzyme reactions. Some of the reactive oxygen species are associated with human diseases, such as cardiovascular disease, rheumatic diseases, infentions and cancer, which may be resulted by lipid peroxidation, protein denaturation, DNA damage, and enzyme inactivation, etc. This article summarized the reasons and harmful effects of oxidative stress caused by environmental pollutants. It reviewed, the involved signaling pathways and enzymatic reactions during oxidative stress, and the currently used cell-model-based approaches for detecting oxidative stress. The purpose of this review article is to provide information for better understanding the oxidative stress associated-mechanisms and further development of detecting methods for oxidative damages.