《儿子与情人》中威廉与保罗俄狄浦斯情结之对比

A Comparison of William's and Paul's Oedipus Complex in Sons and Lovers

《儿子与情人》是英国现代主义作家劳伦斯的成名作,贯穿小说的"俄狄浦斯"这一主题自作品问世就一直受到文学评论家与学者的大量关注。但长期以来学界更多地将目光放在主人公保罗与莫雷尔夫人之间超乎寻常的母子之情上,而事实上恋母情结在保罗的哥哥威廉身上也有明显的表征。通过对作品的细读,从威廉与保罗"恋母"的体现、诱因与解脱三个方面来综合对比兄弟二人的"俄狄浦斯"情结,尝试解释了为何威廉能够顺利摆脱这一情结,发展出完整的人格,而保罗则难以自拔,始终深陷其中这一问题。该分析有助于探索精神分析批评理论对深化理解文学作品主题的适用性。

Sons and Lovers is a well-known novel by D. H. Lawrence, the British modernist writer. Oedipus complex, the theme throughout the novel, has drawn enormous attention from literary critics and scholars ever since the birth of the work. But for a long time the academic circle has largely been focusing on the unusual mother-son relationship between Paul, the hero, and Mrs. Morel, his mother, much to the neglect of the fact that William, Paul＇s elder brother, also displays significant representations of Oedipus complex. This essay intends to make a comprehensive comparison of the two sons＇ Oedipus complex from three aspects： the evidences, the factors, and the re- leases, attempting to explain why William could shake off the complex and develop integral personality, whereas Paul is forever tormented by his distorted relationship with his mother. This analysis explores into the applicability of psychoanalysis in deeper appreciation of themes in literary works.