头颈部黏膜恶性黑色素瘤的临床诊治现状及进展

Current status and advances in clinical diagnosis and treatment of mucosal melanoma of the head and neck

头颈部黏膜恶性黑色素瘤是一类少见的恶性肿瘤,主要发生在鼻窦和口腔,5年生存率不到30％.目前治疗模式尚存争议.多数回顾性研究结果显示术后放疗可以提高LC,但OS率未见明显获益.本文旨在加强对头颈部黏膜恶性黑色素瘤的认识,包括其临床特点、诊断、分期、治疗模式和疗效等.

Mucosal melanoma of the head and neck （MMHN） is a rare malignancy.The sinonasal cavity and oral cavity are the most common primary sites.MMHN is a very aggressive malignant tumor,with the 5-year overall survival （OS） rate less than 30％.Currently,the optimal treatment modality remains unclear.In the najority of available retrospective studies,postoperative radiotherapy improves the local control of MMHN,but without significant effect on OS.This article aims to improve our understanding of the clinical features,diagnosis,staging,treatment modalities,and outcomes of this malignancy.