隔代亲缘利他的不对称性:进化视角的祖父母对孙辈的投资

Asymmetry Generational Kinship Altruism:An Empirical Study from the Evolutional Perspective of Grandparent Investment to Grandchildren

目的:从实证的进化视角考查祖父母对孙辈投资亲缘利他的不对称性,即隔代亲缘利他的不对称性。方法:采用自我报告法对93名大学生施测。结果:(1)外婆对孙辈的投资最多;(2)祖父母对孙辈的情感投资最多;(3)爷爷奶奶对孙辈时间的投资显著高于外公外婆;(4)孙辈的居住地(城市和乡村)影响祖父母的投资:居住在乡村的爷爷奶奶对孙辈的投资要显著高于居住在城市的;居住于城市的外公外婆对孙辈的投资显著高于居住于乡村的;(5)祖父母在情感投资上对男孙的投资显著高于女孙。结论:了解隔代投资的现状,掌握影响隔代投资的因素以及进化的意义,有助于充分发挥隔代教育在现代家庭教育中作用。

The present study aims to explore the asymmetry generational kinship ahruism and use the method of self-report from evolution to research grandparent investment to Grandchildren. A total of 93 undergraduates participate in this study. The results indicate the following： （ 1 ） Grandmothers invest more in grandchildren than do other grandparents; （2）the most investment is emotion from grandparents to grandchildren;（3）grandparents invest more time in sons＇ children than in daughters＇ children, there is significant difference between two group;（4）the place of grandchildren＇ residence （city and country） affect the grandparents＂ investment. Paternal grandparents who lives in the countryside invest to grandchildren more higher than who lives in city, there is significant difference between two group; Maternal grandparents who lives in the city invest to grandchildren more higher than who lives in countryside, there is significant difference between two group;（5 ）grandparents invest more motion in male grandchildren than do female grandchildren; （6）grandparents invest more in only child than do non-only child, especially present and money. The study concludes the following： to study grandparent investment＇s status situation and influence factor and evolutionary sense can help grandparent play important role in in the modem family education.