汉字有超方言作用吗?——起超方言作用的是汉民族共同语而不是汉字

On the Supradialectal Function of the Chinese Characters

“汉字有超方言作用”这一观点现在盛行于我国理论语言和方言学界 ,经考察源于早期西方汉学者。由于与中国传统语言学对汉字作用的看法、新文化运动时期对汉字的批评及构拟中古语音和方言调查中运用汉字系统进行研究的经验暗合 ,故为我国理论语言和方言学界普遍接受。其实 ,这一观点完全违背语言理论中口语与文字间关系的定论 ;持此观点者对此所作的解释———汉字具有特殊性也不能成立 ,从汉字上不可能读出方言词汇、语法和真正纯粹的方言语音。因此 ,汉字没有所谓超方言作用 ,起超方言作用的是汉字这一书面符号系统所反映的汉民族共同语。汉字的方言读音是“蓝青官话”

The assumption that the Chinese character have a function of supradialect,originated from the early western researchers for Sinology,has been in vogue within the circles of theoretical and dialectal study of the Chinese language in China.It is generally accepted by the Chinese theoretical and dialectal linguists in that it is coincident with the opinions in the traditional Chinese linguistics about Chinese characters,the criticism about Chinese characters during the New Cultural Movement, as well as the experiences using Chinese character system to investigate diaects and the reestablishment of the middle ancient pronunciation.In fact,this opinion violates completely the accepted theory about colloquial language and written characters in the linguistic field,so the explanation that 'Chinese characters possess particularity'is not acceptable. We can't read out the dialect vocabulary,dialect grammar and pure dialect pronunciation from Chinese characters.Therefore ,the author thinks that the Chinese characters do not have any function of supradialect,it is the written symbol system of the Chinese language to perform,this function.And dialect pronunciation of Chinese characters is the unstandardized pronunciation of the common language.