成人良性终末期肝病肝移植术后肾损伤部分危险因素分析

A risk analysis of acute kidney injury after orthotropic liver transplantation for benign end-stage liver disease in adults

目的回顾性分析成人良性终末期肝病患者行原位肝移植术后发生肾损伤的部分危险因素。方法选择2014年5~12月于我院行同种异体原位肝移植的成人良性终末期肝病患者30例,男18例,女12例,年龄23~68岁,ASAⅢ或Ⅳ级。根据是否发生急性肾损伤(AKI),将患者分为:未发生AKI组(16例)与AKI组(14例)。收集资料包括术前一般情况、手术因素、麻醉因素、是否使用回收式自体输血、术后因素、患者术前肾功能、术后每日尿量、血肌酐(Scr)及尿素氮(BUN)。所有变量单因素分析P<0.10纳入Logistic多元回归分析。结果与未发生AKI组比较,AKI组使用回收式自体输血明显减少,输注血小板明显增多,术后需使用升压药维持血压比例明显升高(P<0.05)。使用回收式自体输血为保护性因素,OR值为0.058,95%CI为0.005~0.649;输注血小板为危险因素,OR值为10.706,95%CI为1.212~94.963。结论肝移植术使用回收式自体输血,合理输注血小板,可以减少AKI的发生;一旦患者术后需升压药维持血压,会增加AKI发生的可能性。

Objective To analyze the risk factors of acute kidney injury after orthotropic liver transplantation for adult benign end-stage liver disease.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted in 30 recipients （18 males,12 females,aged 23-68 years,ASA grade Ⅲ or Ⅳ） who underwent orthotropic liver transplantation for benign end-stage liver disease at Tongji Hospital from May,2014 to December,2014.Both demographic characteristics and perioperative parameters were collected,including general condition,surgery and anesthesia factors and intraoperative salvage autotransfusion or not.Perioperative laboratory findings related to renal function including urine volume,serum creatinine （Scr） and urea nitrogen （BUN） were collected,too.All variables tested in the univariate analysis with a P〈0.10 were included in a multiple logistic regression analysis.Results There were less intraoperative salvage autotransfusion,more platelet transfusion and a higher using rate of vasopressors in the AKI group after surgery than those did not.Patients who received intraoperative salvage autotransfusion had 0.058 time odds （95%CI 0.005-0.649） of AKI than those did not;patients who required platelet transfusion had 10.706 times higher odds （95%CI 1.212-94.963） of AKI than those did not.Conclusion It is likely that intraoperative salvage autotransfusion was able to decrease the morbidity of AKI,while platelet transfusion and vasopressor administration to maintain blood pressure could increase the possibility of AKI.