“再也”的成词问题及其用法探析

Zaiye(再也) as a Word and Its Usage

学术界一般将"再也"看成两个词,将"再也不/没"看成语块。这种观点在理论上和教学实践上都有一些弊端。从副词的共现位序、能否被删除等方面来看,"再也"是个独立的副词。根据"再也"的词义和使用条件,《汉语大词典》"再也"的释义似可修正为:1.指事态从过去某时刻到现在或从现在到将来无止境的持续或重复,带有强调意味。使用条件:原先A,在原因、条件、时间等因素作用下,一直、永远不A了,就可以说"再也不A了"或"再也没A过(了)"。2.表示另外、外加。当需要强调集合中某个成员的唯一性或极性特征时,就可以说:除了A1之外,再也没有(A)了;再也找不出第二个(A)了;再也没有比A1更……的(A)了。

In academia, zaiye （再也） is often taken to be two words and zaiye bu/mei （再也不/没） to a chunk in general. The view is biased in both theory and teaching practice. This article justifies zaiye to an independent adverb according to the order of co-occurrence and whether it can be deleted, etc. Based the lexical meaning and the prerequisites of zaiye, the author revises the entry Zaiye in A Dictionary of the Chinese Language as follows ： 1. It refers to the duration or repetition of the state of affairs from a point in the past to the present or from the present to the future. The prerequisites are： A, under certain causes, condi- tions and time, etc. will never be A. 2. It refers to something there will never have A; there will never be A in terms of A1. It stresses the uniqueness and polarity of A~.