抗战胜利后“行总”工赈活动考述

Research on the Work Relief Developed by CNRRA after Anti-Japanese War Victory

抗战胜利后,"行总"利用"联总"提供的部分援助物资在国统区开展的工赈活动,在中国善后救济事业中占有重要地位。行总为此制定了一系列政策,明确了工赈的性质、范围、待遇等问题。此项活动开展的路径是,确定工赈的合作者、参与活动的难民、工程项目内容及实施等。工赈活动主要在农田水利、交通、房屋及市政等领域进行,修复了大批被战火破坏的各种设施,也挽救了千万计的难民的生命;但活动也存在效率不高、贪腐等问题。

After the victory of Anti-Japanese War, CNRRA undertook the work relief in the KMT-ruled ar- eas, taking advantage of some aid materials supplied by UNRRA, which played an important role in the action of relief and rehabilitation in China. CNRRA established a series of policies, made clear such matters as na- ture, range and pay of work relief. The route was to make sure the co-workers, refugees participating the ac- tivities, and to design and implement the construction objects, etc. The work relief focused mainly on con- struction of farmland irrigation and water conservancy, transportation, building and public works. Lots of facil- ities damaged by the war, were rehabilitated and a lot of lives of refugees were saved. But such problems as inefficiency and corruption did exist.