空气净化与消毒装置除菌效果影响因素研究

Study on the influencing factors of the antibacterial function for the air cleaner

目的研究影响空气净化与消毒装置除菌效果的因素。方法以白色葡萄球菌为指标菌,通过空气消毒试验,分析气溶胶发生器和试验舱温湿度对白色葡萄球菌气溶胶的稳定性影响,并研究微生物气溶胶自然衰减率及初始浓度对评价空气净化与消毒装置除菌效果的影响。结果气溶胶发生器PLG 2000与TK-3发生白色葡萄球菌气溶胶,初始浓度基本都控制在1.0×105cfu/m^3左右,在30 m^3试验舱中1 h的自然衰减均小于30%;试验场温湿度控制在(23±2)℃,(55±5)%时,白色葡萄球菌气溶胶有较好的稳定性;机器性能越好,自然衰减对除菌率的影响越小,反之则影响逐步增大;在一定自然衰减率下,初始浓度越高,除菌率越高,但若初始浓度超过5.0×105cfu/m^3,初始回收的菌落数多不可计。结论气溶胶稳定性是影响空气消毒试验除菌效果评价的关键因素,初始菌落的浓度及回收亦影响除菌率的计算。

Objective To research the influencing factors of antibacterial function for air cleaner. Methods The Staphy- lococcus albus strain was used as the indicator bacteria in air disinfection experiments to analyze the effect of aerosol generator, and to observe the influence of test chamber temperature and humidity on the stability of the Staphylococcus. album. The effect of natural decay rate and initial concentration of the microbial aerosol on the cleaning and disinfection effect of air cleaner was also studied. Results The initial concentration of microbial aerosol was controlled to be about 1. 0 × 105 cfu/m3 and the natural decay rate of 1 h was less than 30% when using PLG 2000 and TK - 3 as the aerosol generator. The Staphylococcus aerosol had good stability when the temperature and humidity was （23 ± 2 ）℃ and （55 ± 5 ）% resgeczively. When the performance of machine was better,the effect of natural decay rate on antibacterial rate was smaller,Whereas the influence gradually increased. With certain natural attenuation rate, the initial concentration was the higher, the sterilization rate was the higher. But if the concentration was too high, the initial recovery of colony numbers were uncountable. Conclusion Aerosol stability is one of the critical influential factors for the evaluation of disinfection effect of air disinfection test. The concentration and recovery of the initial colony also has influence on sterilization rate calculation.