锌掺杂硅胶吸附材料的制备与性能研究

Preparation of zinc-doped silica gel materials and their adsorptive performance

以陶瓷纤维纸为基材,经水玻璃浸渍及锌盐的酸性水解沉积,制备出新型高吸附性能锌掺杂硅胶吸附材料。用扫描电子显微镜、红外光谱仪和比表面积分析仪等对产物进行了表征,并考察了浸渍时间、浸渍温度、锌盐含量、外加酸含量以及反应温度等制备条件对材料吸附水性能的影响。SEM结果表明,制得的吸附材料中,锌掺杂硅胶微粒较均匀地分布在陶瓷纤维表面及孔隙中;FT-IR谱在波数829cm-1附近的特征吸收峰表明,锌掺杂硅胶中存在Zn—O—Si键。与普通硅胶相比,锌掺杂硅胶吸附材料的吸附水性能明显提高。制备锌掺杂硅胶吸附材料的优化条件为浸渍时间为60min,浸渍温度20℃,锌盐含量30%,反应温度60℃,外加浓盐酸的量为1.5mL。

Zn-doped silica gel adsorbents were prepared by dipping and hydrolysis of water glass and zinc salts with ceramic fibers as substrates.The products were characterized by scanning electron microscopy(SEM),Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR) and specific surface area analyzer.The influence of the preparation conditions,such as soaking time,soaking temperature,zinc salt concentration,the amount of acid and reaction temperature,on the adsorptive performance of the materials were investigated.SEM images revealed that the particles of Zn-doped silica gel were well scattered on the surface and in the apertures of the ceramic fibers.In the FT-IR spectra,the peak at about 829cm-1 was attributed to the Zn—O—Si linkage of the Zn-doped silica gel.The adsorptive performance of Zn-doped silica gel adsorbents was much higher than that of the ordinary silica gel.The optimized reaction condition for the preparation of Zn-doped silica gel was as follows: soaking time was 60min,dipping temperature was 20℃,zinc content was 30%,reaction temperature was 60℃,and the amount of the added hydrochloric acid was 1.5mL.