考虑碳减排的发电商电量上网机制设计

Mechanism Design of on-Grid Electricity Considering Carbon Emissions

现行的发电商上网电量基本上是按发电容量等比例确定,而上网电价则实行统一的"标杆电价"。基于碳排放约束下总上网电量发电成本最小原则,设计寡头发电商的上网电量分配机制与上网电价机制,并与现行的电量上网机制进行数值分析比较,分析结果表明:(1)新机制可诱导发电商真实地报告自己的成本类型、以保证碳排放约束下总发电成本最小目标的实施;(2)相对于现行的等比例电量上网机制,新机制有利于减排CO2,且在相同排放水平下可节省总的发电成本;(3)新机制下低排放发电商电量优先上网,且可促使高排放机组逐步退出市场。

The existing quantity of on-grid electricity of electricity suppliers is mainly determined according to the proportion of its generation capacity, but the on-grid electricity tariff is the unified benchmark price. Based on the principle of minimum total generation cost under the constraint of carbon emissions, this paper designs the allocation mechanism of on-grid electricity quantity and its tariff mechanism in oligopoly power market, and makes a comparison with the existing on-grid electricity mechanism. The results show that： （1） the new mechanism can eneourage electricity suppliers to report their title cost types to ensure the implementation of the minimum total generation cost under the constraint of carbon emissions; （2） compared to the existing mechanisms, the new mechanism can help to reduce carbon dioxide emissions, and save the total generation cost at the same level of carbon emissions; （3） the new mechanism gives priority to low-emission electricity suppliers, which can help to make the high-emission units gradually exit the market. This work is supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China （No. 71271033） and Major Projects of the National Social Science Fund （No. 12＆ZD051）.