从“古物学”到“考古学”:1917～1925年北京大学的考古活动

From “Antiquarianism” to “Archaeology”: the Archaeological Activities of Peking University between 1917 and 1925

说起中国现代考古学史，人们往往会提到当初历史语言研究所聘请李济而非马衡作为考古组负责人这件事，认为如果那时候做了相反的选择，中国考古学一定是另一番面貌。类似的想像赋予人们许多关于偶然性的感悟。

In 1917 through 1925, Peking University has attempteO to estaollsn programs o~ antiquarianism, epigraphy and archaeology, and conducted a series of incipient archaeological activities. This process reflected the adaptation and adjustment of the Chinese academia to the modern disciplinary system and also revealed to a certain extent the origin of the ＂historiographical characteristics＂ of Chinese archaeology. Both the antiquarianism in the framework of special history and the archaeology as a subsidiary subject of history discipline saw the collecting of the ancient artifacts and other physical materials as the basic content, and the building of a display room in a suitable scale as the starting point of the development of the studies of these two programs. After that, along with more and more attention was paid to the new excavation methods such as stratigraphy, the excavation became the most urgent affair for the history discipline of Peking University to develop the archaeology program.