聚焦解决模式对宫颈癌患者心理状态及自我护理能力的影响

Effect of solution-focused approach on psychological condition and self-nursing ability in patients with cervical cancer

目的探讨聚焦解决模式对宫颈癌患者围手术期焦虑、抑郁情绪及自我护理能力的影响。方法选取2013年9月至2015年8月间阜新市第二人民医院收治的160例行宫颈癌根治术患者,采用随机数字表法分为观察组与对照组,每组80例。观察组患者采用聚焦解决模式,对照组患者采用围手术期传统护理模式。采用焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)和自我护理能力测定量表(ESCA)评估两组患者入院时和出院时心理状态和自我护理能力。结果出院时,观察组患者SAS和SDS评分分别较入院时降低(9.01±1.02)分和(10.73±1.12)分,明显高于对照组的(4.73±0.65)分和(5.31±0.68)分,两组比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。出院时,观察组患者健康知识水平、自我概念、自护责任感和自我护理技能评分分别较入院时增加(13.72±1.32)分、(5.68±0.72)分、(3.78±0.54)分和(10.20±1.21)分,均明显高于对照组的(8.83±1.11)分、(2.76±0.45)分、(1.82±0.36)分和(4.43±0.56)分,两组比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论聚焦解决模式有助于缓解宫颈癌围手术期患者焦虑、抑郁等负性情绪,提高自我护理能力。

Objective To explore the effects of solution-focused approach on anxiety,depression and self-care ability in patients with cervical cancer during perioperative period. Methods One hundred and sixty patients who had taken radical hysterectomy from September 2013 to August 2015 were selected as study subjects and were divided into an observation group and acontrol group by random number table with80 patients in each group. Patients in the observation group received care based on solution-focused approach and patients in the control group received based on traditional nursing mode during perioperative period. Self-rating anxiety scale（ SAS）,self-rating depression scale（ SDS） and exercise of self-care agency scale（ ESCA） were adopted to evaluate the psychological states and self-care ability when patients were hospitalized and discharged. Results Decrease in SAS and SDS score was（ 9. 01 ± 1. 02） and（ 10. 73 ±1. 12） respectively in the observation group,which were significantly higher than（ 4. 73 ± 0. 65） and（ 5. 31 ±0. 68） of the control group at discharge（ all P〈 0. 001）. Score of health knowledge,self-concept,responsibility of self-care and skill of self-care increased（ 13. 72 ± 1. 32）,（ 5. 68 ± 0. 72）,（ 3. 78 ± 0. 54） and（ 10. 20 ± 1. 21） respectively in observation group,which was significantly higher than（ 8. 83 ± 1. 11）,（ 2. 76 ±0. 45）,（ 1. 82 ± 0. 36） and（ 4. 43 ± 0. 56） of the control group respectively at discharge（ all P〈 0. 001）. Conclusion Solution-focused approach is conductive to relief of negative emotions like anxiety and depression and improvement of self-care ability in patients with cervical cancer during perioperative period.