《国家学生体质健康标准2014年修订版》实施效果评析——以广东高校为例

Analysis on the Effect of the 2014 Revision of National Student Physical Health Standard on College Students' Physical Fitness taking Guangdong Universities as Example

采用文献资料法、数理统计法和访谈法对广东两所高校2014年、2015年和2016年体质测试数据进行采集与比较,研究显示:《国家学生体质健康标准2014年修订版》(简称《新标准》)与高校实施方案相结合,能够形成显著的"倒逼机制",使学生对体质测试重视程度得到提高,学生的平均体质健康水平得到显著改善。同时,研究表明学生体质健康水平在三、四年级阶段迅速下滑的趋势得到控制;2014年平均成绩较低的引体向上等项目成绩得到大幅度提升;男生平均体质健康水平及其变动增长均低于女生。因此,建议高校应该强化《新标准》在学生学业中的重要地位,进一步贯彻落实实施方案和体质测试成绩的管理办法;充分利用移动终端,创新与发展学生体质健康与运动锻炼信息系统的建设;积极干预和引导男生运动参与动机和运动方式;调整男、女生体质健康评价指标的难易度;增设特殊体质学生的健康评价标准。

Based on the literature review,mathematical statistics and interviews,the paper collects and analyzes the test data of physical fitness for two universities in Guangdong in 2014,2015,and 2016. The study demonstrates that the combination of the ＂ 2014 Revision of National Student Physical Health Standard＂（ Referred as ＂ New Standard＂） and programs implemented by universities can establish a ＂ forced mechanism＂ and allow students to pay more attention to physical fitness test,which significantly improved their test results. Simultaneously,the study demonstrates that the trend of students＇ health deterioration in junior and senior years have been significantly contained,which indicates that the average male physical fitness test and its growth are lower than that of female; Tests results that were poor in 2014,such as pull-ups,also improved dramatically.Therefore,the study suggests that universities should strengthen the ＂ New Standard＂ as an important role in students＇ career and further implement programs and management methods for physical fitness test results by fully utilizing the mobile platform,innovating and developing an information system for students health and physical activities; Actively intervening and guiding male students to adjust their motives and types of physical activities; revising the degrees of difficulty of evaluation index system for male and female physical test requirements; establishing specific evaluation standards for students with special physiques.