从“人性”到“精神”:西方先哲对古希腊赛会的洞察与理性建构

From the "human nature" to the "spirit" : the observation and rational construction of philosophers in the West on the beginning and development of the Olympic Games in Ancient Greece

奥运与哲学并非分开,而是有着诸多的联带关系,甚至西方许多哲学家还曾是奥运会的高水平参与者。采用文本分析法结合逻辑推理,对西方先哲眼中古希腊奥运会的兴起与存续的动因进行梳理。研究发现,从古希腊赛会中"人性"中暴力因素的认知到"阿瑞忒"和"荣誉"的功用的深掘,再到赛会与对生命、社会伦理政治关系的诠释,西方先哲几乎是从未远离对奥运和赛会的洞察,同时,他们看到了古奥运许多超越时代的普世价值,并使之升华成为影响欧洲乃至全世界的不可磨灭的"精神"文化遗产。

The seeminglyunrelatedphilosophyand Olympicsareinfactnotseparatedbutassociated, and quitealew Westernphilosophers wereinfacthigh-level participants inthe Olympic Games. U-sing text analysis method and combined with logical reasoning, this paper sorted out the causes and motivations for the rise and survival of ancient Greek Olympic Games from the perspective of the western sages. The study found that the eyes of western sages had never been far away from the O-lympics and sports games, ranging from the observation of violence in ancient Greek sports events and the interpretation of the cognitive function of ＂Arete＂ and ＂honor＂ , and even the relationship between sports events, life and social ethnics and politics. Meanwhile, they also saw the universal values of many ancient Olympicsaheadof itstimes, and made it sublimated intoanindeliblecultur-al heritage that had an influence on Europe and even all overthe world.