医护情境下英语拒绝语的动态交际语境顺应——基于美剧《夜班医生》的语料分析

Dynamic Communicative Context Adaptation of English Refusals in Medical Situation——Based on Dialogue Analysis of American Drama The Night Shift

医护情境下英语拒绝语策略的使用主要体现在病人对医生倾向直接拒绝,医生对病人倾向间接拒绝,医生对医生直接与间接拒绝并用。拒绝策略的选用受到多方因素的影响,包括顺应论中提出的动态交际语境的顺应。为获得成功的拒绝语交际效果,建立良好的医患交际关系,医护情境下英语拒绝语的使用应充分考量对语言使用者、医护情境物理世界、患者或家属心理世界以及医护社交世界的动态交际语境顺应,使拒绝语兼顾礼貌与效能。

There are three main tendencies of adopting refusal strategies in medical situation. Patients tend to refuse doctors directly; doctors tend to refuse patients indirectly;doctors will use both direct and indirect strategies to refuse other doctors. Many factors should be taken into account to select refusal strategies, including dynamic adaptation of communicative context which is introduced in linguistic adaptation theory. For achieving successful refusal communication and building harmonious doctor-patient relationship,refusals in medical situation should adapt four aspects of dynamic communicative context, i. e. language communicators, physical and social world in medical situation, mental world of patients and families. This can also help to achieve both efficiency and courtesy in speech act of English refusal.