“抽象的国家”还是“行动的社会”?——大革命期间关于“国家与社会”诸问题的争论

Abstract State or Active Society?——On the Dispute between the Communist Party and Xingshi School during the Great Revolution in the Perspective of State and Society

醒狮派(中国青年党)作为大革命期间的"全国第三大党",以《醒狮》周刊为宣传阵地,大力鼓吹国家主义以及国家主义的教育。为抵消醒狮派的影响,共产党早期领袖恽代英、萧楚女、瞿秋白等人对之进行了批评并针锋相对地提出了"革命的教育"。其实,双方论辩的背后体现了他们对于"国家"和"社会"的不同理解,前者试图以"国家"涵盖社会改造,而后者强调以社会重新建构国家。从"社会"视角对争论进行分析,结合两者在青年运动、工人运动、农民运动中的不同看法,以"抽象的国家观"与"行动的社会观"解释两者在社会改造问题上的理念和行动方式差异。

As “ the third party” in the period of the great revolution, Xingshi School （ China Youth Party） strongly advocated “ Statism” and “ Education of Statism” by using “ Xingshi” magazine as a tool of spreading public opinion. To offset Xingshi School＇s influence,early leaders of the Communist Party such as Yun Daiying,Xiao Chunv,and Qu Qiubai,criticized correspondingly and challenged Xingshi School with the idea of “Revolutionary Education”. In fact,the debate between them reflected the different understanding on “ state ” and “ society ”, that is, the former attempted to realize the social transformation by using “ state ”, while the latter argued to rebuild the state by using “ society” . This paper uses the perspective of “ society” as a prism to investigate both arguments and explains their differences with “ abstract concept of state” and “ view of social action” .