何草不黄:古典诗歌中的春草秋绿意象

The Imagery of Autumn Grass Turning Green in Classical Poetry

自然物候中存在春草秋绿的独特现象,文学作品最早对春草秋绿加以描述始自《楚辞·招隐士》和《古诗十九首·东城高且长》。这个物候现象在后世诗人笔下逐渐构成一个用以兴发思归怀人和仕隐情绪的意象传统,但是却被历代注家注本所忽略甚至是误解,导致刻意曲解、强行阐释乃至篡改文本等情况不断出现。唐代以来,春草秋绿的意象逐渐由魏晋南北朝以表现闺中思妇为主的主题,转向关涉到诗人自身生活的题材,从而拓展了春草秋绿的艺术表现力。受《文选》在不同时代接受盛衰变化的影响,春草秋绿意象的理解和使用也呈现出与之相应的态势。

The grass in nature turns green in the autumn. Songs of the South and Nineteen Ancient Poems were the earliest descriptions of this phenomenon. This poetic image was used to express the emotion of missing friends and the longing for seclusion. Translators often ignored or misunderstood this poetry imagery. Since the Wei and Jin Dynasties, the poetic imagery was mainly used to describe the wife missing her husband, and became reflections of poet’s own life after Tang Dynasty. With the acceptance of the anthology changes in different times, the understanding and application of this poetic imagery showed a corresponding trend.