艾森斯塔特的政治社会学知识体系——基于《政治社会学:读本》的分析

The Knowledge System of Eisenstadt's Political Sociology——An Analysis Based on Political Sociology:A Reader

当代政治社会学知识体系主要是在现代化与社会变迁的知识脉络中得以发展,并形成了相对固定的知识议题与理论命题。与主流的知识分析框架不同,艾森斯塔特结合多学科的方法,从比较文明的视角建立了一套政治社会学知识体系,其编写的《政治社会学:读本》是这一知识体系的典型体现。该读本在专题性的导论分析中,以政治体系为核心研究对象,将政治领域放置于社会体系之中,分别讨论了原始社会、部落联盟、家产制体系、城邦国家、封建体系、官僚帝国、现代社会的结构与变迁;在专题性的文献选编中,则编排了政治社会学领域最有代表性的文献作为阅读辅助材料。总体来说,艾森斯塔特将现代化范式与比较历史分析范式相结合,从而构建了以比较文明为视野的政治社会研究方式。

The modern knowledge system of political sociology is developed from the knowledge network of modernization and social changes and relatively fixed knowledge topics and theoretical propositions are formed.Eisenstadt combines multidisciplinary methods, establishes the knowledge system of political sociology from the perspective of comparative culture which is different from the mainstream knowledge analyzing framework.Political Sociology:A Reader edited by him is a typical representation of the knowledge system.In its thematic introduction analysis,it takes political system as the core study object,places the political field inside the social system and respectively discusses the structures and changes of the primitive society,tribes and alliances,the family property system,city-state countries,the feudal system,bureaucratic empires and the modern society.In its thematic selected literature,it arranges the most typical literature in the area of political sociology as supplementary reading materials.In general,Eisenstadt combines the modern paradigm and the comparative historic analysis paradigm and sets up apolitical sociology research method from the perspective of comparative culture.