中国改革年代的社会政策发展

Social Policy Development in the Era of Economic Reform

本文论证了经济改革对社会服务供应将带来的根本性挑战。伴随着关键性的制度变革,政府财政能力的削弱显著地动摇了政府作为直接服务供给者的地位。尽管具备负担能力的主体有了更多的选择,但是对农村低收入阶层而言社会服务的供给是失败的,流动人口仍被排除在现行服务体制之外。上述情况不仅要求我们对政府角色重新进行思考,而且对特定社会服务(如住房公积金和养老金管理)市场的完善发展提出了更高的要求,同时需要扩大其他 NGO 和社团组织等服务供给者的选择空间。

This paper argues that economic reform has led to fundamental challenges in the provision of social welfare.Combined with key institutional changes,the reduction in the state's financial capacity has dramatically curtailed its role as a direct service provider.Although there are greater choices for those who can afford it,services have collapsed for the rural poor and migrants have been shut out from existing services.This requires not only a rethinking of the role of the state,but also the development of a better market for certain services (e.g.,housing and pension management) and an increased operational space for alternate service providers,such as NGOs and community-based organizations.