班固评说屈原的矛盾纠结

A Study of the Contradict of Ban Gu's Commentary on Qu Yuan's Works

汉代人对屈原的评议可谓是聚讼纷纭,莫衷一是。班固曾先后作《离骚赞序》和《离骚序》评价屈原,在这两篇文章中,班固对屈原其人其文的态度相互矛盾,最主要的原因是班固自身文学偏好对楚辞的激赏与儒家评说诗歌标准之间的矛盾不可调和。而其在《离骚序》中对屈原的否定则是因为用儒家的传统诗论来评价产生于楚文化的《离骚》,这样不恰当运用理论造成的。汉人对屈原的聚讼纷纭,不仅逐渐清晰了楚辞有别于《诗经》的独特价值,也使文学批评的立论视角逐渐引起学者的重视,并直接催生了汉代文学理论的成熟。

The people in Han dynasty have varied commentary on Qu Yuan works.Ban Guwrote 'Lisao Praise Sequence' and ' Lisao Sequence' to evaluate Qu Yuan.In these two articles,the attitude of Ban Gu towards Qu Yuan works contradicted with each other.The main reason is Ban's own literary preferences to the songs of the Southconflicting with Confucianism poetry commentary standard.And his negation of Qu Yuan in ' Lisao Sequence' is generated by traditional Confucian poetics to evaluate lisao which was produced in the South,and it is the theory of inappropriate that caused misuse.The different commentarys on Qu Yuan works by people in Han Dynasty,not only clarify the unique value of the songs of the South which is different from the Book of Songs,also raise the attention of scholars about theoretical perspective of literary criticism,and directly lead to the maturity of the Han dynasty literary theory.