湖北清江冬季中华秋沙鸭初步调查

The preliminary investigation on wintering scaly-sided merganser Mergus squamatus in Qingjian of Hubei

对清江入长江口至清江水布垭沿线及清江的2个支流白炭河和招徕河进行调查,以了解中华秋沙鸭在清江流域的越冬地分布、越冬地生境及越冬种群数量等情况。以样线法为主,结合样点法,以步行和车行相结合的方式,用数码相机拍摄记录相关影像资料。计数为直接计数法,精确到个位数。雄鸟单独计数,雌鸟、幼鸟和亚成鸟合并计数。结果:分别在三个河段共记录到21雄17雌或幼共38只中华秋沙鸭,生境均为水体清澈,水中鱼虾丰富,水面宽阔且河中有砾石兀立的地方,说明湖北清江流域是中华秋沙鸭的适宜越冬地。本调查的完成,对中华秋沙鸭生态习性的研究、中华秋沙鸭迁徙路线和越冬地分布的完善及清江流域的自然环境监测有重要意义。

To better understand the wintering habitat, living condition and population quantity of scaly-sided Mer-ganser （Mergus squamatus） in China, we investigated the Qingjian river area. Methods： The line intercept meth-od ,combined with the sample point interpolation method, was used in the investigation. The relevant image data were recorded by using digital cameras while walking and driving. The population quantity of scaly-sided Mergan-sers was calculated one by one. Males were counted separately. Females and juveniles were merged. Results：38 scaly-sided Mergansers have been observed in three reaches within the Qingjian river. 21 scaly-sided Mergansers are male and 17 scaly-sided Mergansers are female or juvenile. All the habitats are places with clear water, many species of fishes and shrimps, broad water surface, pebbly beaches and standing gravels in the river. Conclusions ： Qingjian river area is considered as the suitable overwintering habitat of the scaly-sided Mergansers. The present in-vestigation is very important to studying the ecological habit, the wintering migratory routes and the overwintering range of the scaly-sided Mergansers in China. It is also of great significance to the natural environment monitoring in Qingjiang river area.