采用嗜热菌酶好氧发酵工艺快速发酵鸡粪的研究

Research on fermenting chicken manure rapidly with thermophilic enzymes and aerobictic fermentation technology

本试验采用嗜热菌酶好氧发酵工艺快速发酵鸡粪,添加1‰的嗜热菌酶发酵剂,温度控制在80℃—90℃,在热酶反应器中快速发酵8 h,在4 h、6 h、8 h分别取样评价其发酵对鸡粪品质的影响。研究结果表明:鸡粪原料经发酵后外观明显改善,刺激性气味明显减少;有机质含量无明显变化,氮磷钾浓度上升至11.02%,较鸡粪原料提升25.8%,实际肥效提高;经8h发酵后,细菌数量明显减少,真菌、放线菌、粪大肠杆菌及蛔虫卵均未检出,说明通过热酶发酵技术去除了鸡粪中的有害生物成分;鸡粪发酵样品进行发芽试验,种子发芽率均在93.33%以上(鸡粪原料为89.33%),表明样品已腐熟完全。从试验结果可以看出,利用嗜热菌酶好氧发酵工艺快速发酵鸡粪原料,可以活化养分,提高实际肥效,并去除鸡粪中的有害生物组分,达到快速腐熟,实现鸡粪的无害化处理。

The experiment used thermophilic enzymes（1 %cthermophilic enzymes added） and aerobictic fermentation technology to ferment chicken droppings under 80-90 °C ,and the fermentation was carried out in the reactor for 8 hours and sampling was made in 4h, 6h and 8h. The results showed that the appearance of chicken manure was im-proved and pungent smell decreased significantly after fermentation ; Organic matter content had no obvious change while the total content of N, P and K increased to 11.02% ,the content increased 25. 8% compared with the crude chicken manure . After 8 hours fermentation, the number of bacteria decreased obviously, and fungi, actinomycetes, fecal coliform and ascaris eggs were not detected, which indicated harmful biological components in chicken manure were removed by thermophilic enzymes and aerobictic fermentation technology. The fermentation samples were used to made an germination experiment. The seed germination rates were more than 93.33% （crude chicken manure was 89. 33% ） and showed that the samples had been totally decomposed. The results showed that under the technology of thermophilic enzymes and aerobictic fermentation to ferment chicken manure in a short time, the nutrients were activated, the fertilizer efficiency were increased and the harmful biological components in chicken manure were in-dicated.