论汉宣帝朝吏治建设之成因

The Cause of the Officials' Management in Han Dynasty Ruled by Emperor Xuan

任何时代的历史创造活动,都是以特定的时代条件为前提的。汉初,吏治问题虽然得到了统治者不同程度的认识和重视,却一直未被解决,究其原因,在于汉初疲敝的社会生产、诸侯国坐大、匈奴侵边等问题,制约着几代帝王在吏治方面的举措。正是上述问题的解决,为宣帝朝解决吏治问题提供了历史前提,使宣帝有可能在吏治建设方面有所建树;而武帝以来的尊崇儒术,则为宣帝朝人才素质的改善做了很好的铺垫。

The creative activities in any historical epoch are based on the specific conditions of the times. In the early Han Dynasty, the problem about officials＇ management was recognized and valued by the ruler to a variable extent but still remained unresolved in that there were more serious issues concerning the state’s safety to be solved. The inadequate social production,the more powerful vassal states, the Huns’ invasion and so on restricted the measures for officials＇ management taken by the several emperors. The resolution of the above- mentioned problems provided the historical premise for Emperor Xuan settling the problem of officials＇ manage-ment and made him get somewhere. Besides, worshiping Confucianism since the Emperor Wu＇s period paved the way for improving the talent quality and achieving success in the officials’ management in Han Dynasty ruled by Emperor Xuan.