不同环境规制工具影响污染产业投资的区域差异研究——基于省级工业面板数据对我国四大区域的实证分析

Research on Regional Difference in the Effect of Different Environmental Regulation Tools on Polluting Industry Investment——Empirical Analysis of the Four Regions of China from the Perspective of Investment Location

我国四大区域不同的发展阶段决定了其经济发展和环境保护的差异化诉求,选择恰当的环境规制工具可以有效实现淘汰落后产能和激发技术创新。采用2004—2014年省级工业面板数据,运用空间自相关模型从成本效应、创新效应和集聚效应三方面对比分析东部、中部、西部和东北地区不同环境规制工具对污染产业投资的影响,结果表明:不同环境规制工具在四个地区的影响效果呈现显著差异;费用型规制、投资型规制和公众参与型规制在东部地区具有显著创新效应;费用型规制和城镇环境基础设施建设投资对中部地区污染企业形成较大的成本压力;建设项目"三同时"投资和公众参与型规制在西部产业集聚地区能够有效抑制污染产业的流入;费用型规制、工业污染源治理和建设项目"三同时"投资能够有效抑制污染产业流入东北地区。因此,应因地制宜地选择恰当的环境规制工具组合以实现区域经济的绿色发展。

The development stage of the four regions of China determines the different goals of economic development and environmental protection.Choosing proper environmental regulation（ER） tools can effectively eliminate backward production capacity and stimulate technological innovation.This paper compares the cost effect,innovation effect and agglomeration effect of the four regions of China by using industrial panel data during 2004-2014; and analyzes the influence of ER tools on the investment location of polluting industries based on the model of SAC.Results show that ER tools showed significant differences among the four regions,that expense ER,investment ER and public participation ER have a significant innovation effect in the eastern regions,that expense ER and urban environmental infrastructure construction bring more cost pressure to polluting corporations in the middle regions; that construction project with ＂Three Simultaneous ＂ investment and public participation ER effectively inhibit the inflow of polluting industries in western regions; that expense ER,industrial pollution control investment and construction project with ＂Three Simultaneous＂investment effectively inhibit the inflow of polluting industries in northeast regions.Thus,it is proposed to select proper combination of ER tools to achieve green development of regional economy.