矿区土壤-玉米重金属富集及健康风险

Accumulation and Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Soil-maize System from Coal Mining Area

为研究矿区农田土壤-玉米系统中重金属的富集迁移,以安徽省淮北煤田临涣矿区为例,对该区玉米地中Cd、Ni、Pb、Cr、Zn和Cu的含量、玉米植株富集转移系数及健康风险进行分析。结果表明,除Cd超过国家土壤二级标准的28.57%,其余均未超过相应标准;地累积污染评价结果显示,Cd和Cu属于无污染-轻污染,其余几种重金属都属于无污染;除Cu外,其余几种被吸收到玉米体内的重金属大部分都积累在根部,且Cd的富集转移系数最大;运用目标危险系数法进行健康风险评价,结果表明,六种重金属对儿童引起的健康风险均大于成人,且健康风险指数的大小为Pb>Ni>Cu>Cd>Zn>Cr。

To study enrichment and migration of heavy metals in soil-maize system from coal mining area,the present paper takes Linhuan mining district of Huaibei coalfield as the research area. This study focused on the content,bioconcentration factor,trandfer factor and health risk assessment of heavy metals（Cd、Ni、Pb、Cr、Zn and Cu） in soil-maize. The results showed that 28.57% samples of Cd exceed the secondary standard of national environment quality standard for soil,so did not the other five heavy metals. According to the geoaccumulation index,the Cd and Cu in soil were at clear to light pollution level and the other heavy metals were at clear. Except for Cu,the accumulation of the other heavy metals in maize plants was mainly at root. In addition,the bioconcentration and transfer factor of Cd was biggest. The target hazard quotient method was used to evaluate the health risk,and the results revealed that the risk coefficient of children was much higher than adults. The level of the risk coefficient was Pb〉Ni〉Cu〉Cd〉Zn〉Cr.