我国海洋环境管理公众参与机制构建刍议

A Study on the Public Participation Mechanism in China's Marine Environmental Management

海洋环境管理中的公众参与机制旨在将参与变被动为主动,使公众在政府的主导下自觉完成参与过程。这一机制不仅有利于海洋环境管理中公众参与的实现,而且也是政府政治性回应职能的实现途径之一,其形成兼具必要性与可行性。海洋环境管理中的公众参与机制包含诸多构成要素,形成的关键在于通过对动力要素的调节使公众获得参与驱动力。该机制通过横向与纵向两个路径运行,在"公众主体、政府主导"和"全过程参与"理念的指导下,最终实现公众有效参与海洋环境管理的理想状态。

The public participation mechanism in marine environmental management aims at changing from passive participation to active participation and making the public participate in the marine environ-mental management consciously under the leadership of government. It is necessary and feasible to develop the public participation mechanism, which is not only beneficial to the public participation in the marine environmental management but also is one of the approaches to fulfill government＇s political response func-tion. There are many elements in the mechanism, and the crux of its formation is how to regulate the dy-namic factors so that the public can be driven to participate actively. Under the direction of ＂public as sub-ject ＆ government as a leading role＂ and ＂participation in the entire process＂, the mechanism operates through horizontal and vertical paths, and finally realizes the ideal state of effective public participation in marine environmental management.