基于港口航运网拓扑结构的港口层次划分——以中国城市港口航运网为例

Port Hierarchy Partition Based on the Topological Structure of Port Shipping Network——An Empirical Study on Ports of Chinese Cities and Shipping Network

近年来,随着中国经济结构的调整,中国港口也进入了转型调整阶段,正从以往的外延式扩张向内涵式发展转变,由原来的混沌式竞争向层次化布局过渡,港口的层次化发展是港口经济发展的必然要求和发展趋势,目前,国内外学者对于港口层次划分的研究相当匮乏,尤其是缺少宏观的港口航运网分析。为此,在传统复杂网络基础上,构造了加权复杂网络揭示港口航运网的拓扑结构特点,选取复杂网络指标,通过聚类分析对网络中的港口节点进行层次划分,并以中国港口航运网为例进行实证分析,首先得出中国港口航运网具有"小世界"、无序性等特点,然后依据拓扑结构特点及各指标之间的相关性,选取指标将中国的港口划分为四个层次,最后通过对结果进行分析,得出中国港口目前的发展状况及未来的布局规划。

In recent years,the competition among Chinese ports has changed from extensive expansion to intensive development,from original chaotic competitive state to hierarchical layout,with the adjustment of Chinese economic structure.Hierarchical port development is the inevitable requirement of port economy and development trend.At present,domestic and foreign research on the port hierarchy is rare,especially macro analysis of port shipping network.Therefore,bases on traditional complex network,a weighted complex network to reveal characteristics of port shipping network's topology structure has been constructed;gradation of ports by selecting complex network indicators has been classified.The paper takes Chinese ports and shipping networks as an example for empirical analysis,and firstly,finds the characteristics of Chinese port shipping network's topology structure;and then,based on the characteristics of the topology structure and the correlation between the various indicators,the paper selects indicators to divide Chinese ports into four levels.Finally,through the analysis of the results,the paper concludes the current development of China's ports and future layout planning.