社会发展视阈中的文化发展

Cultural Development in the View of Social Development

如何推进文化发展,取决于如何看待文化及其发展。在新的形势下实现我国文化又好又快的发展,必须确立文化发展的新理念,明确发展的新思路。从社会发展的视阈来审视文化发展,这是实现理论自觉的客观要求。文化发展与社会发展具有内在联系。文化在社会发展中扮演四种角色:一是作为社会特殊领域的文化;二是作为社会运行机理的文化;三是作为人的"生活样法"或生存方式的文化;四是作为价值规范、行为规范的文化。文化所扮演的角色不同,因此与社会发展的关系自然也不同。文化发展与社会发展的关系,不只是由两者的协调性要求决定的,更是由当代文化发展对社会发展的引领性特征所凸显出来的。要在社会发展的视阈中合理地把握文化发展,需要在研究中注意两个原则性的问题:一是文化发展研究的定位问题,应当明确,文化发展的研究是在现代社会的语境中来定位的;二是文化发展规律的把握问题,文化发展有自身的特殊性和自身的规律,不能把社会发展的一般规律与文化发展的规律混为一谈。

The reason to choose social development as a perspective to understand the cultural development is that the cultural development and social development are intrinsically linked. Culture plays four kinds of roles in social development: the first is as a special social cultural field; the second is as a social operation mechanism;the third is as people's 'life-styles'or lifeways; the forth is as value norms,and behavior norms. The relationship between cultural development and social development is inherently different from the different roles of culture. The relationship between cultural development and social development is not only determined by the coordination requirements of them,but also by the contemporary cultural development of the social development of the leading features highlighted. To grasp the cultural development in the field of social development,we need to pay attention to two foundamental questions in the study: the first problem is the positioning issue of cultural development research. It should be clear that the study of cultural development is in the context of modern society. The second problem is to grasp the law of cultural development. Cultural development has its own particularity and laws,and we should not confuse the law of cultural development with the general law of social development.