解放军援塞医疗队对西非埃博拉疫情的医学处置

Medical response to the Ebola outbreak in West Africa by the Chinese Army Medical Team dispatched to Sierra Leone

2014年8月世界卫生组织(WHO)及埃博拉病毒病(Ebola virus disease,EVD)疫情最严重的西非3国向国际社会发出紧急医疗援助请求。受中国政府派遣,中国人民解放军迅速向受灾国派遣医疗队并运送医疗援助物资及装备;6批次共500余人的解放军医疗队先后奔赴塞拉利昂和利比里亚展开临床病例诊治、感染防控及医疗卫生培训工作。解放军医疗队在塞拉利昂、利比里亚分别建造和独立运营了2所各有78张床位和100张床位的EVD留观与治疗中心,截止2015年3月20日共收治EVD疑似患者883例(确诊患者295例),实现所有队员"零感染"。作者重点介绍了解放军医疗队执行援非抗埃任务过程中,在行动筹备、EVD临床管理、感染防控等方面的探索及收获,为今后执行类似任务提供参考。

In August 2014, WHO and the 3 western African countries severely stricken by the Ebola vims disease （EVD）appealed to the international society for urgent medical aid. Upon dispatch by the Chinese government, the Chinese Peopled Liberation Army swiftly sent medical teams to those disaster-stricken countries, as well as medical supplies and equipment. Six patches of medical teams totaling over 500 personnel rushed to Sierra Leone and Liberia for diagnosis and treatment of medical cases, infection control and health training. The Chinese Army medical teams in Sierra Leone and Liberia constructed and independently ran 2 medical centers with a capacity of 78 and 100 beds for the holding and treatment of EVD patients. By the end of March 20, 2015, 883 cases of suspected EVD （295 confirmed cases） were admitted and treated in the medical centers, and there was zero infection in all the medical profes-sionals. This paper mainly deals with medical practices and achievements in the fields of medical preparedness, clinical management of EVD, prevention and control of infection, in the implementation of the African-aid and anti-EVD medical mission by the Chinese Army medical teams.