动车组的轮轨型面匹配关系

Wheel-Rail Profile Matching Relationship of EMU Train

为研究不同车轮踏面与不同钢轨型面的匹配关系,分别从轮轨接触几何参数、轮轨静态接触力学性能、车辆运行稳定性和磨耗方面进行对比分析.CONTACT轮轨接触模型和SIMPACK多体动力学模型的计算结果表明,由于60N轨面将轨头部分进行了改进,轮轨接触光带居中,车辆运行稳定性趋于优化;两种车轮踏面与60N轨面匹配时具有更优的黏滑区比例,能有效减小轮轨间的损伤和磨耗;LMA踏面和小位移下的S1002CN踏面与60N轨面匹配时接触应力较大,易造成较大的垂向磨耗;对于S1002CN踏面与60N轨面匹配的情形,在横移量4~8 mm时的接触应力小于其与60 kg/m轨面匹配时的数值,有利于降低曲线线路轮轨间磨耗.由此可见,60N轨面与动车组车辆踏面的接触关系更利于改善车辆的运行稳定性,但过于集中的轮轨接触点对加剧了钢轨的垂向磨耗.

In order to study the matching relationship between different wheel treads and rail profiles for EMU （electric multiple unit） trains, a comparative study was m a d e by investigation of the wheel- rail contact geometry parameters, static mechanical properties, running stability of vehicles, and wheel-rail wear. Computational results by CONTACT and SIMPACK show that the running stability of vehicles on the 60N rail is better than that on the 60 k g / m rail because the 60N rail head is improved to be more smooth and the wheel-rail contact area is kept in the middle position of the rail head. When using two types of wheel treads, LM a and S1002CN,to match with the 60N rail, the contact spot area of the 60N rail surface can get a better proportion of sticking area and slipping area, so the general wheel-rail damage and wear are reduced effectively in the operation. However, the contact stress between the 60N rail surf ace and the LM a tread or the S1002C N tread with a small displacement is big, and hence may result in a large vertical wear. W h e n the lateral displacement is 4 - 8 mm,the contact stress between the 60N rail surface and S1002CN tread is smaller than that of the 60 k g / m rail, andthe wheel-rail wear is lower for vehicles negotiating curves. Therefore, the contact relationship between the 60N rail surface and the wheel tread is more favorable for the running stability of E M U vehicles, but wheel-rail contact points focused on the middle will aggravate the vertical wear.