可预见性规则在侵权责任法中的适用

Predictability Rules Applicable In Tort Liability Law

可预见性规则作为合同法中重要的规则之一,其合理分配风险、保护行为自由、限制赔偿责任等方面的功能使得可预见性规则在侵权责任法中适用成为可能。可预见性规则无论在过失侵权的因果关系判断上,还是在损害结果的确定上都有着举足轻重的作用,它能将行为人可能承担赔偿责任的范围限定在可以预见的合理范围内,较好地平衡了处于受害者与可能实施侵权行为的行为人之间的利益,实现实质正义,因此,可以引入可预见性规则在侵权责任法中适用。可预见性规则在侵权法某些领域例外适用,也恰是为了更好地实现公平、正义与效率。

Predictability rules as one of the important rule in the contract law, the reasonable allocation of risk, to protect freedom of behavior, the function of limitation of liability, etc, makes the predictability rules in tort liability law is possible. Predictability rules in negligence causation judgment, or to determine the results of damage is of vital significance, it can be limiting the scope of the offender may be liable for compensation in the foreseeable within a reasonable range, well balanced between the victim and the possible infringement behavior person＇s interests, therefore, we should introduce predictability in tort liability law rules apply. Predictability rules in some areas of tort law ruled out, also just in order to better achieve the fairness, justice and efficiency. Predictability rules also has certain limitation, in the applicable process should be careful to apply reasonably.