山东某大学116例学生头发中重金属含量调查

Study on heavy metal content in hair of 116 students in a university of Shandong Province

目的调查山东某大学学生头发中重金属的含量及可能的影响因素。方法采集山东某大学116位大学生的头发样本,测定其中Pb、Cd、Cu、Zn的含量,并用统计分析的方法从性别、生源地及是否染发等方面分析影响头发中重金属元素含量的可能因素。结果样本中Pb含量平均值为8.99μg/g,Cd为0.44μg/g,Cu为8.87μg/g,Zn为50.49μg/g,其中Zn含量低于建议值,染发同学头发中的Pb含量明显高于非染发同学头发中的含量;男女生4种重金属元素含量差异不显著;不同生源地学生头发中Cu、Zn含量差异不显著,但来自淄博地区的学生头发样本中Cd、Pb含量均显著高于其他地区;城市生源学生头发中重金属含量高于农村生源学生,Pb、Cu、Zn 3种重金属在组间存在显著差异性。结论样本中4种重金属元素含量与正常值相比均未超标,但大学生存在缺Zn问题;性别、生源地(除淄博外)不是影响头发中重金属元素含量的可能因素;城市源或农村源是影响头发中Pb、Cu、Zn含量的可能因素;是否染发是影响头发中重金属元素含量Pb的可能因素,这进一步证实染发对人体健康有潜在危害。

[Objective]To study the heavy metal content in hair of students in a university of Shandong Province,analuze the possible influencing factors. [Methods]The hair samples were collected from 116 students in a university of Shandong Province,and the contents of Pb,Cd,Cu and Zn in them were determined. The statistical analysis was used to explore which were the possible factors of the content of heavy metal elements in hair from aspects as gender,birth place and hair dye.[Results]The average content of Pb,Cd,Cu and Zn in samples was respectively 8.99 μg/g,0.44 μg/g,8.87 μg/g and 50.49 μg/g,and the content of Zn was lower than the suggested number. Pb contained in dyed hairs was much more than that contained in non-dyed hairs. The differences in contents of four heavy metal elements were not significant between male and female students. The differences in hair＇s contents of Cu and Zn were not significant among students from different birth places. But in hair samples of students from Zibo,the contents of Cd and Pb were relatively higher,which were significantly higher than those of students from other places. The contents of heavy metal elements in urban students were higher than those of rural students,and the differences in contents of Pb,Cu and Zn were significant. [Conclusion]None of the four heavy metals elements＇ content exceeds the suggested number,but the results manifests that students in the university have zinc deficiency. Gender and birth place（except for Zibo）are not the possible factors influencing the content of heavy metal elements in hair. The rural and urban areas are the possible factors influencing the content of Pb,Cu and Zn in hair. Dyed hairs is the possible factors influencing the content of Pb in hair,which further demonstrates that dyed hairs has potential harms to human＇s health.