2011—2014年东莞市虎门镇手足口病流行特征

Epidemiological characteristics of hand-foot-mouth disease in Humen town of Dongguan City from 2011-2014

目的了解广东省东莞市虎门镇手足口病(HFMD)的流行现状及流行病学特征,为制定相关防控对策提供科学依据。方法按发病日期,对中国疾病监测报告管理系统中2011年1月—2014年12月广东省东莞市虎门镇HFMD病例进行回顾性分析。结果东莞市虎门镇2011年1月—2014年12月共报告HFMD 6 996例,累积发病率为264.71/10万。其中,重症患者193例,占2.76%;死亡病例1人。男性4 764例(68.1%),女性2 232例(31.9%),男女性别比为2.13∶1。主要集中在1~4岁儿童(6 295例),占90.0%,其中又以1~岁年龄段发病人数最多(2 667例),占38.1%。全年各月均有发病,5—9月是发病高峰月份,占全年发病的64.8%。虎门地区户籍居民和广东省外流动人口发病分别占44.3%、41.2%;2014年本地户籍病例数占全部病例的66.3%。结论东莞市虎门镇HFMD发病率较高,具有明显人群、时间分布特征,1~4岁儿童为高发人群,5—9月为高发季节,该地户籍患者所占比例呈明显上升趋势。相关部门应根据其流行特征继续加强护控,防止HFMD暴发流行。

[Objective]To explore the epidemic situation and epidemiological characteristics of hand-foot-mouth disease（HFMD）in Humen town of Dongguan City of Guangdong Province,provide scientific basis for developing the prevention and control measures.[Methods]According to the onset date,the retrospective analysis was used to investigate the data of HFMD cases in the China disease surveillance report management system,which were reported in Humen town from January 2011 to December 2014.[Results]From January 2011 to December 2014,totally 6 996 HFMD cases were reported in Humen town of Dongguan City,and the cumulative incidence rate was 264.71/lakh. There were 193 severe cases,accounting for 2.76%,and 1 case died. There were4 764（68.1%）male cases and 2 232（31.9%）female cases,with the male-to-female ratio of 2.13 ∶ 1.90.0% of cases were children aged 1-4 years old（6 295 cases）,and patients in 1-4 year-old age group accounted for the largest proportion（2 667 cases,38.1%）. The cases occurred in every month of the year,and peak season appeared May to September,accounting for 64.8%. The patients of local population and floating population accounted for 44.3% and 41.2% respectively. In 2014,the patients with local household registration accounted for 66.3% of the total cases.[Conclusion]The incidence rate of HFMD in Humen town of Dongguan City is relatively high,the Epidemic situation has obvious characteristics in population and time distribution,children aged 1-4 years old are the high-risk population,peak season appears May to September,and the proportion of patients with local household registration shows a rising trend. Relevant departments should continue to strengthen the prevention and control according to the epidemic characteristics,to prevent outbreaks.