对WTO争端解决机制裁定执行的评估:遵守与否的考量因素

Evaluating the Enforcement of the Decision of WTO Dispute Settlement System:Comply or Not

世界贸易组织(WTO)争端解决机制作出的裁决是WTO法律体系不可或缺的核心要件,裁决执行的好坏关系到多边贸易体制的稳定与发展。然而,WTO裁决的执行问题一直是各方争论的焦点。本文聚焦于WTO裁决执行机制,通过对WTO义务的法律性质的理论考察,分析了宪法性和契约性理论对WTO裁决执行机制的可能性影响;评估了成员方遵守WTO裁决的各种鼓励因素和阻碍因素;同时对该机制的未来发展趋势提出了思路和建议。

The decision of WTO dispute settlement system is essential core element of WTO legal system, the enforcement of the decision is concerned with steady and development of multilateral trade regime. However, the enforcement of the decisions of WTO dispute settlement system has always been the focus of controversy. This paper focuses on the enforcement of the decisions of WTO, analyses constitutional nature and contractual nature of WTO obligations by examining the legal nature of WTO obligations, evaluates the various incentives and disincentives for compliance, concludes with the tendency and how best to strengthen it assuming there is a need for that.