中国自贸区法律制度的构造及其完善

The Structure and Perfection of China FTZ Legal System

中国自贸区法律制度现已初步形成,但国家层面立法至今依然缺位,过于偏重地方性立法在一定程度上制约了区内制度创新与日常管理的办事效率,自贸区管委会授权立法与管理权限较为有限影响到其作为自贸区"一线"管理者参与区内立法与运营管理的积极性,自贸区自由开放与自主创新的优势特性受到羁绊,区内市场活力无法得到充分释放发挥。应当借鉴域外先进自贸区历史经验,遵循"法治先行"原则尽快制定出台国家层面《中国自贸区法》引领指导中国自贸区整体建设,适当减少自贸区所在地政府对区内事务的过度干预,合理限定自贸区地方性立法权限范畴,授权自贸区管委会更多权能,激发自贸区管委会与区内市场主体参与自贸区立法与管理的主观能动性,自贸区法律制度与管理模式需要逐步由三层级过渡升级为双层级,从而适应自贸区制度创新与经贸自由的功能作用并符合其自由开放的内在属性,推进中国自贸区战略实现更好更快的发展。

China FTZ legal system has been initially formed, but still lack of legislation at the national level, too much emphasis on local legislation restricted institutional innovation and daily management efficiency of China FTZ to a certain extent, the authorized legislation and management authority is limited have influenced the enthusiasm of FTZ Administrative Committee as the ＂front line＂ managers to participate in FTZ legislative work and the operation management, the current FTZ free opening and independent innovation advantages by fetters, the vitality of the FTZ market cannot be fully released. We should learn from the historical experience of foreign advanced FTZ, following the ＂rule of law＂ principle formulate and promulgate the national level ＂China FTZ law＂ to guidance the overall construction of China FTZ strategy as soon as possible, reducing the excessive administrative intervention of local government on FTZ affairs appropriately, limiting the FTZ legislative authority of local government reasonably, authorizing FTZ Administrative Committee more power to stimulate the subjective initiative of FTZ Administrative Committee and market subject to participate in the FTZ legislation and management, the legal system structure and management mode of China FTZ should be gradually transformed and upgraded from the three level to the double level, so as to adapt to the FTZ basic function of system innovation and free trade and accordance with its liberal properties, promoting China＇s FTZ strategy to achieve better and faster development in the end.